The Discipline of LawPDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

The Discipline of LawPDF格式电子书版下载

注意：本站所有压缩包均有解压码： 点击下载压缩包解压工具

PART ONE. THE CONSTRUCTION OF DOCUMENTS3

Introduction3

1 Command of language5

1 The tools of trade5

2 Acquiring skill6

3 Addressing the Court7

2 The interpretation of statutes9

1 Finding the intention9

2 'Ironing out the creases'11

3 'A naked usurpation of the legislative function'13

4 A voice from the past15

5 The Treaty of Rome17

6 International Convention19

3 The interpretation of wills and other unilateral documents23

1 The ghosts of dissatisfied testators23

2 'No jurisdiction to achieve a sensible result'23

3 Unusual common sense26

4 Palm Tree Justice in the Court of Appeal27

5 'I am a Portia man'30

4 The construction of contracts32

1 Consensus ad idem32

2 The old strictness32

3 The great advance of the implied term33

4 A dangerous misunderstanding35

5 The officious by-stander'36

6 Should he be sent off the field?36

7 'Presumed Intent' becoming fashionable41

8 The foresight of a prophet41

9 'Presumed Intent' takes hold43

10 Frustration and 'Presumed Intent'44

11 Exemption clauses and 'Presumed Intent'45

12 Inflation and 'Presumed Intent'48

13 Family Arrangements and 'Presumed Intent'50

4 Looking for help54

1 Negotiations and subsequent conduct54

2 A master of words55

PART TWO. MISUSE OF MINISTERIAL POWERS61

Introduction61

1 Deciding wrongly63

1 When Tribunals fall into error63

2 The Northumberland case63

3 What is an 'error of law'?66

2 Clauses ousting the courts69

1 An obiter dictum69

2 A decision made 'final'70

3 The Anisminic case72

4 Error of law goes to jurisdiction74

5 Void or voidable77

3 Declarations79

1 The case of the Dock Labour Board79

2 Pyx Granite81

4 Other points on tribunals83

1 Appeals from tribunals83

2 Natural justice84

3 Bias86

5 Administrative decisions88

1 'Judicial' v 'Administrative'88

2 The Padfield case89

3 Re HK91

4 The duty to act fairly92

5 Inquiries into a company's affairs94

6 Clauses giving unfettered discretion97

1 'If it appears to the Minister'97

2 'If the Minister is satisfied'99

7 Prerogative power102

1 Freddie Laker's 'Skytrain'102

8 The Ultra Vires clause106

1 The Ashbridge case106

2 Unguarded statements108

PART THREE. LOCUS STANDI113

Introduction113

1 Modern extensions115

1 'Person aggrieved'115

2 The prerogative orders116

2 The Blackburn cases118

1 A matter of constitutional significance118

2 The gaming clubs of London119

3 Pornography in Soho122

4 Censorship by the GLC125

3 Declaration and injunction128

1 The courageous Ross McWhirter128

2 The high constitutional principle132

4 The remedy of judicial review133

5 Private rights134

6 The Gouriet case137

1 The story is told137

2 The decision of the House of Lords141

3 The effect of the Gouriet case142

Conclusion144

PART FOUR. ABUSE OF 'GROUP' POWERS147

Introduction147

1 Powers against own members149

1 Look at the Rules149

2 Domestic Tribunals must observe the law150

3 The case of the Showmen's Guild152

4 Damages for wrongful expulsion154

5 Refusal to admit to membership157

6 Refusing a woman because of her sex160

7 A challenge by Boots162

8 Unfair exclusion from membership164

9 Unfair exclusion of shop steward167

10 A lawyer for the defence170

11 Statutory protection174

2 Powers against other persons175

Introduction175

1 Inducing breach of contract177

2 Turning a blind eye178

3 Hindering or preventing performance179

4 A strike notice of proper length180

5 Direct interference with a contract182

6 Unlawful means184

7 Picketing and demonstrations185

8 Obligation to provide work188

9 The immunity of trade unions189

10 In contemplation of a trade dispute190

11 'Blacking' a ship192

Conclusion194

PART FIVE. HIGH TREES197

Introduction197

1 The High Trees case199

1 The beginnings in 1921199

2 The 'broad rule of justice'200

3 The fences in the way201

4 The High Trees case itself - promissory estoppel203

5 Did it abolish consideration?206

6 Extension to cover conduct209

7 Extension of waiver210

8 Detriment214

9 Must parties be contractually bound?215

10 Proprietary estoppel216

11 Combining the estoppels218

12 Payment of a lesser sum221

Conclusion223

PART SIX. NEGLIGENCE227

Introduction227

1 Leading up to Candler v Crane, Christmas229

1 The law before 1932229

2 Donoghue v Stevenson230

3 Candler v Crane, Christmas232

2 Doctors at law237

1 Medical malpractice237

2 Two stiff fingers238

3 Anxieties relieved241

4 A summing-up242

3 The impact of Heddley Byrne245

1 Hedley Byrne245

2 Barristers246

3 Borstal boys250

4 Policy or operational253

4 Houses falling down255

1 Dutton's case255

2 Valuers261

3 Economic loss264

4 Limitation Acts266

5 Innocent representation made actionable270

1 Representations inducing a contract270

2 Esso Petroleum273

3 The Misrepresentation Act 1967274

6 Surprising consequences277

1 Contract or tort277

2 The duty of solicitors278

Conclusion280

PART SEVEN. THE DOCTRINE OF PRECEDENT285

Introduction285

1 The doctrine of precedent287

1 Dissenting in the Lords287

2 The Romanes Lecture291

3 Is the Court of Appeal bound by its own decisions?297

4 Crown Privilege300

5 Judgments in foreign currency305

6 Exemplary damages308

Conclusion314

Epilogue315

1 Nothing must be left undone315

Index317