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材料手册 3 不常用的有色金属 英文版PDF|Epub|txt|kindle电子书版本网盘下载

材料手册 3 不常用的有色金属 英文版
  • （美）FrancoisCardarelli著 著
  • 出版社： 哈尔滨：哈尔滨工业大学出版社
  • ISBN：9787560344492
  • 出版时间：2014
  • 标注页数：454页
  • 文件大小：56MB
  • 文件页数：253页
  • 主题词：材料科学－技术手册－英文；有色金属－金属材料－技术手册－英文

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图书目录

Introduction15

4 Less Common Nonferrous Metals213

4.1 Alkali Metals213

4.1.1 Lithium217

4.1.1.1 Description and General Properties217

4.1.1.2 History219

4.1.1.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores220

4.1.1.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation223

4.1.1.5 Industrial Applications and Uses228

4.1.1.6 Lithium Mineral and Chemical Prices230

4.1.1.7 Lithium Mineral,Carbonate,and Metal Producers230

4.1.1.8 Further Reading231

4.1.2 Sodium232

4.1.2.1 Description and General Properties232

4.1.2.2 History233

4.1.2.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores233

4.1.2.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation234

4.1.2.5 Industrial Applications and Uses235

4.1.2.6 Transport,Storage,and Safety236

4.1.2.7 Major Producers of Sodium Metal236

4.1.2.8 Further Reading236

4.1.3 Potassium237

4.1.3.1 Description and General Properties237

4.1.3.2 History238

4.1.3.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores238

4.1.3.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation238

4.1.3.5 Industrial Applications and Uses239

4.1.3.6 Further Reading239

4.1.4 Rubidium239

4.1.4.1 Description and General Properties239

4.1.4.2 History240

4.1.4.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores240

4.1.4.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation240

4.1.4.5 Industrial Applications and Uses240

4.1.4.6 Major Rubidium Producers241

4.1.4.7 Further Reading241

4.1.5 Cesium241

4.1.5.1 Description and General Properties241

4.1.5.2 History241

4.1.5.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores242

4.1.5.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation242

4.1.5.5 Industrial Applications and Uses242

4.1.5.6 Cesium Metal Producers243

4.1.5.7 Further Reading243

4.1.6 Francium243

4.2 Alkaline-Earth Metals243

4.2.1 Beryllium244

4.2.1.1 Description and General Properties244

4.2.1.2 History244

4.2.1.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores248

4.2.1.4 Mining and Mineral Dressing248

4.2.1.5 Processing and Industrial Preparation248

4.2.1.6 Industrial Applications and Uses249

4.2.1.7 Major Beryllium Metal Producers250

4.2.1.8 Further Reading250

4.2.2 Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys250

4.2.2.1 Description and General Properties250

4.2.2.2 History251

4.2.2.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores251

4.2.2.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation252

4.2.2.5 Properties of Magnesium Alloys255

4.2.2.6 Industrial Applications and Uses255

4.2.2.7 Recycling of Magnesium Scrap and Drosses255

4.2.2.8 Major Magnesium Metal Producers259

4.2.2.9 Further Reading260

4.2.3 Calcium260

4.2.3.1 Description and General Properties260

4.2.3.2 History260

4.2.3.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores260

4.2.3.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation261

4.2.3.5 Industrial Applications and Uses261

4.2.3.6 Calcium Metal Producers262

4.2.3.7 Further Reading262

4.2.4 Strontium262

4.2.4.1 Description and General Properties262

4.2.4.2 History263

4.2.4.2 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores263

4.2.4.3 Processing and Industrial Preparation263

4.2.4.4 Industrial Applications and Uses263

4.2.5 Barium263

4.2.5.1 Description and General Properties263

4.2.5.2 History264

4.2.5.2 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores264

4.2.5.3 Processing and Industrial Preparation264

4.2.5.4 Industrial Applications and Uses264

4.2.6 Radium264

4.2.6.1 Description and General Properties264

4.2.6.2 History265

4.2.6.3 Natural Occurrence265

4.2.6.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation265

4.2.6.5 Industrial Applications and Uses265

4.3 Refractory Metals266

4.3.1 General Overview266

4.3.1.1 Common Properties266

4.3.1.2 Corrosion Resistance271

4.3.1.3 Cleaning,Descaling,Pickling,and Etching271

4.3.1.4 Machining of Pure Reactive and Refractory Metals273

4.3.1.5 Pyrophoricity of Refractory Metals273

4.3.2 Titanium and Titanium Alloys274

4.3.2.1 Description and General Properties274

4.3.2.2 History276

4.3.2.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores276

4.3.2.4 Mining and Mineral Dressing280

4.3.2.5 Titanium Slag and Slagging281

4.3.2.6 Synthetic Rutiles283

4.3.2.7 Titanium Dioxide(Titania)286

4.3.2.8 Titanium Sponge288

4.3.2.9 Ferrotitanium296

4.3.2.10 Titanium Metal Ingot297

4.3.2.11 Titanium Metal Powder298

4.3.2.12 Commercially Pure Titanium301

4.3.2.13 Titanium Alloys302

4.3.2.14 Corrosion Resistance313

4.3.2.15 Titanium Metalworking319

4.3.2.16 Titanium Machining320

4.3.2.17 Titanium Joining320

4.3.2.18 Titanium Etching,Descaling,and Pickling320

4.3.2.19 Titanium Anodizing321

4.3.2.20 Industrial Applications and Uses322

4.3.2.21 Major Producers of Titanium Metal Sponge and Ingot324

4.3.2.22 World and International Titanium Conferences325

4.3.2.23 Further Reading325

4.3.3 Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys326

4.3.3.1 Description and General Properties326

4.3.3.2 History327

4.3.3.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores328

4.3.3.4 Mining and Mineral Dressing328

4.3.3.5 Processing and Industrial Preparation329

4.3.3.6 Zirconium Alloys331

4.3.3.7 Corrosion Resistance333

4.3.3.8 Zirconium Machining333

4.3.3.9 Industrial Uses and Applications334

4.3.3.10 Zirconium Metal Producers334

4.3.3.11 Further Reading334

4.3.4 Hafnium and Hafnium Alloys336

4.3.4.1 Description and General Properties336

4.3.4.2 History336

4.3.4.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores337

4.3.4.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation337

4.3.4.5 Industrial Applications and Uses337

4.3.4.6 Major Hafnium Metal Producers337

4.3.4.7 Further Reading338

4.3.5 Vanadium and Vanadium Alloys338

4.3.5.1 Description and General Properties338

4.3.5.2 History339

4.3.5.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores339

4.3.5.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation340

4.3.5.5 Industrial Applications and Uses342

4.3.5.6 Major Vanadium Producers342

4.3.5.7 Further Reading342

4.3.6 Niobium and Niobium Alloys343

4.3.6.1 Description and General Properties343

4.3.6.2 History344

4.3.6.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores345

4.3.6.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation346

4.3.6.5 Properties of Niobium Alloys347

4.3.6.6 Niobium Metalworking347

4.3.6.7 Niobium Machining347

4.3.6.8 Niobium Joining and Welding349

4.3.6.9 Niobium Cleaning,Pickling,and Etching349

4.3.6.10 Industrial Applications and Uses350

4.3.6.11 Major Producers of Niobium Metal350

4.3.6.12 Further Reading350

4.3.7 Tantalum and Tantalum Alloys353

4.3.7.1 Description and General Properties353

4.3.7.2 History354

4.3.7.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores355

4.3.7.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation356

4.3.7.5 Properties of Tantalum Alloys357

4.3.7.6 Tantalum Metalworking357

4.3.7.7 Tantalum Machining359

4.3.7.8 Tantalum Joining359

4.3.7.9 Tantalum Cleaning and Degreasing360

4.3.7.10 Tantalum Cladding and Coating Techniques361

4.3.7.11 Industrial Applications and Uses365

4.3.7.12 Major Tantalum Metal Producers366

4.3.7.13 Further Reading367

4.3.8 Chromium and Chromium Alloys367

4.3.8.1 Description and General Properties367

4.3.8.2 History368

4.3.8.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores368

4.3.8.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation369

4.3.8.5 Industrial Applications and Uses372

4.3.8.6 Major Chromite and Ferrochrome Producers372

4.3.8.7 Further Reading372

4.3.9 Molybdenum and Molybdenum Alloys373

4.3.9.1 Description and General Properties373

4.3.9.2 History373

4.3.9.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores374

4.3.9.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation374

4.3.9.5 Properties of Molybdenum Alloys375

4.3.9.6 Molybdenum Metalworking377

4.3.9.7 Molybdenum Joining377

4.3.9.8 Molybdenum Machining378

4.3.9.9 Molybdenum Cleaning,Etching,and Pickling380

4.3.9.10 Industrial Applications and Uses380

4.3.9.11 World Molybdenum Metal Producers384

4.3.9.12 Further Reading384

4.3.10 Tungsten and Tungsten Alloys385

4.3.10.1 Description and General Properties385

4.3.10.2 History386

4.3.10.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores386

4.3.10.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation387

4.3.10.5 Properties of Tungsten Alloys387

4.3.10.6 Industrial Applications and Uses387

4.3.10.7 Major Tungsten Metal and Hardmetal Producers389

4.3.10.8 Further Reading391

4.3.11 Rhenium and Rhenium Alloys391

4.3.11.1 Description and General Properties391

4.3.11.2 History392

4.3.11.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores392

4.3.11.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation393

4.3.11.5 Industrial Applications and Uses393

4.4 Noble and Precious Metals393

4.4.1 Silver and Silver Alloys396

4.4.1.1 Description and General Properties396

4.4.1.2 History397

4.4.1.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores397

4.4.1.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation397

4.4.1.5 Silver Alloys398

4.4.1.6 Industrial Applications and Uses398

4.4.1.7 Further Reading400

4.4.2 Gold and Gold Alloys400

4.4.2.1 Description and General Properties400

4.4.2.2 History401

4.4.2.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores402

4.4.2.4 Mineral Dressing,and Mining402

4.4.2.5 Processing and Industrial Preparation403

4.4.2.6 Gold Alloys404

4.4.2.7 Industrial Applications and Uses406

4.4.2.8 Major Gold Producers and Suppliers406

4.5 Platinum-Group Metals407

4.5.1 General Overview407

4.5.2 Natural Occurrence,Chief Minerals,and Ores408

4.5.3 Common Physical and Chemical Properties409

4.5.4 The Six Platinum Group Metals409

4.5.4.1 Ruthenium409

4.5.4.2 Rhodium413

4.5.4.3 Palladium413

4.5.4.4 Osmium414

4.5.4.5 Iridium414

4.5.4.6 Platinum415

4.5.5 PGM Alloys416

4.5.6 PGMs Corrosion Resistance417

4.5.6.1 Industrial Applications and Uses420

4.5.6.2 Major Producers and Suppliers of PGMs421

4.5.7 Further Reading422

4.6 Rare-Earth Metals422

4.6.1 Description and General Properties422

4.6.2 History423

4.6.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores425

4.6.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation427

4.6.5 Industrial Applications and Uses429

4.6.6 Major Producers and Suppliers of Rare Earths431

4.6.7 Further Reading432

4.6.8 Scandium(Sc)433

4.6.8.1 Description and General Properties433

4.6.8.2 History433

4.6.8.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores433

4.6.8.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation434

4.6.8.5 Industrial Applications and Uses434

4.6.8.6 Scandium Metal,Alloys,and Chemicals435

4.7 Uranides436

4.7.1 Uranium438

4.7.1.1 Description and General Properties438

4.7.1.2 History439

4.7.1.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores440

4.7.1.4 Mineral Dressing and Mining441

4.7.1.5 Processing and Industrial Preparation442

4.7.1.6 Industrial Applications and Uses446

4.7.1.7 Further Reading447

4.7.2 Thorium447

4.7.2.1 Description and General Properties447

4.7.2.2 History447

4.7.2.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores448

4.7.2.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation449

4.7.2.5 Industrial Applications and Uses451

4.7.2.6 Further Reading452

4.7.3 Plutonium452

4.7.3.1 Description and General Properties452

4.7.3.2 History453

4.7.3.3 Natural Occurrence,Minerals,and Ores454

4.7.3.4 Processing and Industrial Preparation454

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