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Ⅰ Introduction：The Major Approaches to the Treatment of Mental Illness1

Ⅱ The Psychologic Nature of Mental Disorder6

THE EARLY FORMALISTIC APPROACH6

THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE GENETIC-DYNAMIC APPROACH8

THE PREDOMINANTLY GENETIC APPROACH8

THE PREDOMINATLY DYNAMIC APPROACH10

THE PSYCHOBIOLOGIC APPROACH12

THE VITALISTIC APPROACH13

THE APPROACH IN TERMS OF HARMONY14

Ⅲ Somatopsychic Background and Psychosomatic Nature of Mental Disease17

HEREDITY18

CONSTITUTION AND BODY STATE20

PSYCHOSOMATIC CONSIDERATIONS24

Ⅳ The Cultural Background of Mental Disease and of Attitudes toward Its Treatment33

THE INFLUENCE OF CULTURE ON MENTAL DISORDER33

SOCIAL ATTITUDES TOWARD MENTAL DISOBDER37

Ⅴ Diagnosis in Psychiatry41

Ⅵ General Principles of Psychotherapy45

NONVERBAL PSYCHOTHERAPY45

TECHNIQUES OF PSYCHOTHERAPY46

Supportive treatment46

Ventilation48

Abreaction49

Shift of emphasis51

Interpretation51

Suggestion53

Persuasion54

Hypnosis56

Reassurance57

Ⅶ General Principles of Treatment by Shock，Stimulation，and Psychosurgery60

INSULIN TREATMENT60

METRAZOL TREATMENT60

ELECTROSHOCK TREATMENT61

ELECTRONARCOSIS AND ELECTRIC COMA65

NONCONVULSIVE ELECTRIC STIMULATION TREATMENTS70

PSYCHOSURGERY75

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL METHODS OF TREATMENT77

Ⅷ The Electrical Properties of Currents Used for Treatment83

TYPES OF CURRENTS USED83

THE PASSAGE OF ELECTRIC CURRENTS THROUGH THE INTACT BODY90

Ⅸ Neurophysiologic Aspects of Physical Treatments for Mental Disease95

ELECTRIC TREATMENT95

Nonconvulsive treatment (Vasovagal akinetic stimulation) Myoclonic treatment (Sub-grand mal convulsive stimulation)100

Convulsive treatment (Grand-mal-producing stimulation)101

INSULIN TREATMENT122

ETHER DRIP INFUSION TREATMENT134

FRONTAL LOBOTOMY AND RELATED PSYCHOSURGICAL PROCEDURES135

Ⅹ Complications and Fatalities due to Physical Treatment Methods Prevention．Emergency Treatment and Lifesaving Measures152

ELECTROSHOCK AND ELECTRIC STIMULATION TREATMENT152

INSULIN COMA TREATMENT162

ETHER DRIP INFUSION TREATMENT167

PSYCHOSURGERY167

Ⅺ The Question of Brain Damage from Electric Treatment and Insulin Coma Treatment175

ELECTROSHOCK175

INSULIN184

Ⅻ Mode of Action and Results of Psychotherapy and of Physical Treatment of Mental Disorders193

THE DYNAMICS AND EFFECTS OF PSYCHOTHERAPY193

Types of defenses194

Depression199

Results of psychotherapy200

PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGIC EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL TREATMENT206

Psychophysiologic effects of electric treatment206

Convulsive treatment206

Nonconvulsive electric treatment227

Myoclonic treatment236

Comblined convulsive-nonconvulsive treatment236

Psychophysiologic effects of insulin coma treatment240

Psychophysiologic effects of insulin subcoma treatment257

Psychophysiologic effects of ether drip infusion treatment259

Psychophysiologic effects of frontal lobotomy，topectomy，subcortical undercutting，and thalamotomy260

Psychophysiologic effects of surgery of the temporal lobe268

ⅩⅢ Indications for Physical Treatment，Based on Psychiatric and psychosomatic Clinical Findings281

PSYCHOLOGIC VS．PHYSICAL METHODS281

CHOICE OF PHYSICAL METHOD282

ⅩⅣ Practical Treatment Techniques287

PSYCHOTHERAPY287

Hypnosis287

Psychoanalytic technique290

Psychotherapy aided by abreactive or narcotizing drugs292

Intravenous barbiturates (sodium arnytal，pentothal sodium，)292

Ether inhalation297

Pervitin298

Carbon dioxide299

Psychotherapy by personal interview299

Psychotherapy by conference，with specific reference to the psychotherapy of married couples304

Group psyehotherapy306

Occupational，diversional and reoreational thereapy309

Supplemental medication310

ELECTRIC TREATMENT314

Nonconvulsive (akinetic) treatment319

Combined myoclonic-nonconvulsive treatment328

Convulsive treatment329

Combined convulsive-nonconvulsive treatments339

INSULIN COMA TREATMENT370

INSULIN SUBCOMA TREATMENT373

COMBINED INSULIN COMA-CONVULSIVE ELECTROSHOCK THERAPY374

ETHER DRIP INFUSION TREATMENT374

FRONTAL LOBOTOMY AND UNDERCUTTING375

SURGEBY OF THE TEMPORAL LOBE381

THALAMOTOMY383

ⅩⅤ Integration of Physical Treatment with Dynamic Psychotherapy390

PREPARING THE PATIENT390

THE THERAPIST＇S ROLE391

TIMING OF PHYSICAL TREATMENTS－WHEN TO TREAT AND WHEN TO HOLD OFF393

MEANING OF PHYSICAL TREATMENTS TO PATIENTS394

DYNAMICS OF THE IMMEDIATE POST-TREATMENT PHASE400

CHANGES IN DEFENSES INDUCED BY PHYSICAL TREATMENT AND MODIFIED BY PSYCHOTHERAPY402

Convulsive electric treatment403

Nonconvulsive electric treatment405

Insulin coma treatment406

Lobotomy407

PSYCHOTHERAPY FOLLOWING PHYSICAL TREATMENT407

Easing of self-driving attitudes in depressions407

Psychotherapy aimed at improving interpersonal relationships and helping intrapsychic maturation410

Psychotherapy after psychosurgery，with particular reference to psychotherapy of the family group412

ⅩⅥ The Role of the Nurse During Treatment417

PSYCHOLOGIC FACTORS417

SPECIFIC DUTIES418

Electric forms of physical treatment419

Insulin subcoma424

Insulin coma treatment424

Carbon dioxide therapy426

Intravenous ether drip infusion treatment427

Ether abreaction treatment by inhalation428

ⅩⅦ Treatment of Alcoholism430

ALCOHOL ADDICTION430

Psychotherapeutic aspects430

Somatic treatment435

ACUTE ALCOHOLISM440

CHRONIC ALCOHOLISM441

ⅩⅧ Treatment of Other States of Intoxication of External Origirl444

HYPNOTIC AND SEDATIVE DRUGS444

ALKALOIDS451

ANALGESIC AND CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC DRUGS456

METABOLIC STIMULANT458

EXPECTORANTS458

ANTISEPTICS，GERMICIDES，INSECTICIDES，VERMICIDES，FUNGICIDES，AND DERIVATIVES WITH OTHER USAGE458

HORMONES459

NONTHERAPEUTIC ORGANIC CHEMICALS460

INORGANIC CHEMICALS464

WAR GASES466

ⅩⅨ Treatment of Mental Disturbances in Organic Derebrospinal Disease470

ANTISYPHILITIC TREATMENT470

ARTERIOSCLEROSIS471

TREATMENT OF MENTAL AND EMOTIONAL DISTURBANCES471

The teatment of psychogenic overlay reactions472

Stimulation and activation of performance474

Treatment aimed at preventing psychosomatic reverberations476

ⅩⅩ Interpretation of Results of Treatment，Flexibility of Treatment，and the Need for Adequate Treatment Records478

ⅩⅪ Frontiers for New Research and Development483

NEED FOR STATISTICAL STUDIES483

THE NEURAL MECHANISMS OF MENTAL DISEASE484

AUTONOMIC BALANCE AND MENTAL DISEASE486

FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY488

INDEX491