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1 Magnetic Circuits and Transformers1

1-1 INTRODUCTION TO MAGNETIC CIRCUITS2

1-2 FLUX LINKAGE，INDUCTANCE，AND ENERGY9

1-3 PROPERTIES OF MAGNETIC MATERIALS14

1-4 AC EXCITATION17

1-5 INTRODUCTION TO TRANSFORMERS24

1-6 NO-LOAD CONDITIONS26

1-7 EFFECT OF SECONDARY CURRENT；IDEAL TRANSFORMER30

1-8 TRANSFORMER REACTANCES AND EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS33

1-9 ENGINEERING ASPECTS OF TRANSFORMER ANALYSIS38

1-10 TRANSFORMERS IN THREE-PHASE CIRCUITS48

1-11 THE PER UNIT SYSTEM52

1-12 AUTOTRANSFORMERS；MULTICIRCUIT TRANSFORMERS57

1-13 SUMMARY60

PROBLEMS62

2 Electromechanical Energy-Conversion Principles71

2-1 FORCES AND TORQUES IN MAGNETIC FIELD SYSTEMS72

2-2 ENERGY BALANCE76

2-3 ENERGY AND FORCE IN SINGLY EXCITED MAGNETIC FIELD SYSTEMS78

2-4 DETERMINATION OF MAGNETIC FORCE；COENERGY83

2-5 MULTIPLE EXCITED MAGNETIC FIELD SYSTEMS90

2-6 DYNAMIC EQUATIONS94

2-7 ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES99

2-8 SUMMARY104

PROBLEMS105

3 Rotating Machines：Basic Concepts117

3-1 ELEMENTARY CONCEPTS117

3-2 INTRODUCTION TO AC AND DC MACHINES120

3-3 MMFt OF DISTRIBUTED WINDINGS131

3-4 MAGNETIC FIELDS IN ROTATING MACHINERY140

3-5 ROTATING MMF WAVES IN AC MACHINES143

3-6 GENERATED VOLTAGE150

3-7 TORQUE IN NON-SALIENT-POLE MACHINES155

3-8 SUMMARY165

PROBLEMS167

4 Engineering Aspects of Practical Electric-Machine Performance175

4-1 MAGNETIC SATURATION175

4-2 LEAKAGE FLUXES178

4-3 LOSSES181

4-4 RATING AND HEATING184

4-5 COOLING MEANS FOR ELECTRIC MACHINES188

4-6 EXCITATION SOURCES190

4-7 ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF ELECTRIC MACHINERY193

4-8 THE NATURE OF MACHINERY PROBLEMS194

4-9 SUMMARY196

PROBLEMS197

5 DC Machines：Steady State201

5-1 INTRODUCTION TO DC MACHINES201

5-2 COMMUTATOR ACTION208

5-3 EFFECT OF ARMATURE MMF211

5-4 ANALYTICAL FUNDAMENTALS：ELECTRIC-CIRCUIT ASPECTS214

5-5 ANALYTICAL FUNDAMENTALS：MAGNETIC-CIRCUIT ASPECTS217

5-6 ANALYSIS OF STEADY-STATE PERFORMANCE221

5-7 COMMUTATION AND INTERPOLES230

5-8 COMPENSATING WINDINGS233

5-9 SUMMARY；DC MACHINE APPLICATIONS235

PROBLEMS237

6 DC Machine Dynamics and Control247

6-1 DC MOTOR SPEED CONTROL247

6-2 DYNAMIC EQUATIONS251

6-3 TRANSFER FUNCTIONS AND BLOCK DIAGRAMS OF DC MACHINES254

6-4 EFFECTS OF SATURATION：SELF-EXCITED GENERATORS266

6-5 INTRODUCTION TO RECTIFIER CIRCUITS270

6-6 SOLID-STATE DC MOTOR-DRIVE SYSTEMS280

6-7 AN ELEMENTARY MOTOR-SPEED REGULATOR290

6-8 METADYNES AND AMPLIDYNES295

6-9 SUMMARY298

PROBLEMS299

7 Synchronous Machines：Steady State311

7-1 INTRODUCTION TO POLYPHASE SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES312

7-2 SYNCHRONOUS-MACHINE INDUCTANCES；EQUIVALENT CIRCUITS314

7-3 OPEN-AND SHORT-CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTICS320

7-4 STEADY-STATE POWER-ANGLE CHARACTERISTICS326

7-5 STEADY-STATE OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS334

7-6 EFFECTS OF SALIENT POLES；INTRODUCTION TO DIRECT-AND QUADRATURE-AXIS THEORY339

7-7 POWER-ANGLE CHARACTERISTICS OF SALIENT-POLE MACHINES345

7-8 INTERCONNECTED SYNCHRONOUS GENERATORS349

7-9 SUMMARY351

PROBLEMS352

8 Synchronous Machines：Transient Performance361

8-1 SYNCHRONOUS-MACHINE TRANSIENTS362

8-2 TRANSFORMATION TO DIRECT-AND QUADRATURE-AXIS VARIABLES364

8-3 BASIC MACHINE RELATIONS IN dq0 VARIABLES367

8-4 ANALYSIS OF A SUDDEN THREE-PHASE SHORT CIRCUIT371

8-5 TRANSIENT POWER-ANGLE CHARACTERISTICS379

8-6 EFFECTS OF ADDITIONAL ROTOR CIRCUITS382

8-7 MODELS OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES FOR TRANSIENT ANALYSIS386

8-8 SYNCHRONOUS-MACHINE DYNAMICS390

8-9 SUMMARY398

PROBLEMS399

9 Polyphase Induction Machines409

9-1 INTRODUCTION TO POLYPHASE INDUCTION MACHINES409

9-2 CURRENTS AND FLUXES IN INDUCTION MACHINES413

9-3 THE INDUCTION-MOTOR EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT416

9-4 ANALYSIS OF THE EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT420

9-5 TORQUE AND POWER BY USE OF THEVENIN’S THEOREM424

9-6 PERFORMANCE CALCULATIONS FROM NO-LOAD AND BLOCKED-ROTOR TESTS429

9-7 SUMMARY435

PROBLEMS436

10 Polyphase-Induction-Machine Dynamics and Control443

10-1 EFFECTS OF ROTOR RESISTANCE；DOUBLE-SQUIRREL-CAGE ROTORS444

10-2 INDUCTION-MACHINE DYNAMICS452

10-3 SPEED CONTROL OF INDUCTION MOTORS455

10-4 ELECTRICAL TRANSIENTS IN INDUCTION MACHINES459

10-5 APPLICATION OF ADJUSTABLE-SPEED SOLID-STATE AC MOTOR DRIVES463

10-6 SUMMARY469

PROBLEMS469

11 Fractional-Horsepower AC Motors479

11-1 SINGLE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS：QUALITATIVE EXAMINATION480

11-2 STARTING AND RUNNING PERFORMANCE OF SINGLE-PHASE INDUCTION AND SYNCHRONOUS MOTORS483

11-3 REVOLVING-FIELD THEORY OF SINGLE-PHASE INDUCTION MOTORS491

11-4 UNBALANCED OPERATION OF SYMMETRICAL TWO-PHASE MACHINES；THE SYMMETRICAL-COMPONENT CONCEPT498

11-5 TWO-PHASE CONTROL MOTORS503

11-6 SERIES UNIVERSAL MOTORS507

11-7 STEPPER MOTORS508

11-8 AC TACHOMETERS512

11-9 SYNCHROS AND CONTROL TRANSFORMERS514

11-10 SUMMARY518

PROBLEMS519

Appendix A Three-Phase Circuits525

A-1 GENERATION OF THREE-PHASE VOLTAGES526

A-2 THREE-PHASE VOLTAGES，CURRENTS，AND POWER528

A-3 Y-AND △-CONNECTED CIRCUITS532

A-4 ANALYSIS OF BALANCED THREE-PHASE CIRCUITS；SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAMS539

A-5 OTHER POLYPHASE SYSTEMS541

Appendix B Voltages，Magnetic Fields，and Inductances of Distributed AC Windings543

B-1 GENERATED VOLTAGES543

B-2 ARMATURE-MMF WAVES550

B-3 AIR-GAP INDUCTANCES OF DISTRIBUTED WINDINGS553

Appendix C Table of Constants and Conversion Factors for SI Units557

Index559