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PART 1 Background1

Chapter 1 Data Communications and Network Management Overview3

1.1 Analogy of Telephone Network Management4

1.2 Data(Computer)and Telecommunication Network7

1.3 Distributed Computing Environments12

1.4 TCP/IP-Based Networks:The Internet and Intranets16

1.5 Communications Protocols and Standards20

1.5.1 Communication Architectures21

1.5.2 Protocol Layers and Services26

1.6 Case Histories of Networking and Management32

1.6.1 Case History 1:The Importance of Topology( The Case of the Footprint )32

1.6.2 Case History 2:Filtering Does Not Reduce Load on Node33

1.6.3 Some Common Network Problems35

1.7 Challenges of Information Technology Managers35

1.8 Network Management:Goals,Organization,and Functions40

1.8.1 Goal of Network Management40

1.8.3 Network Operations and the NOC42

1.8.2 Network Provisioning42

1.8.4 Network Installation and Maintenance44

1.9 Network and System Management44

1.10 Network Management System Platform48

1.11 Current Status and Future of Network Managment48

Chapter 2 Review of computer Network Technology55

2.1 Network Topology56

2.2 Local Area Networks59

2.2.1 Ethernet60

2.2.3 Gigabit Ethernet62

2.2.2 Fast Ethernet62

2.2.4 Full-Duplex Ethernets66

2.2.5 Switched Ethernet67

2.2.6 Virtual LANs68

2.2.7 Token Ring69

2.2.8 Fiber Distributed Data Interface72

2.3 Network Node Components73

2.3.1 Hubs74

2.3.2 Bridges75

2.3.4 Transparent Bridges78

2.3.3 Remote Bridges78

2.3.5 Source Routing Bridges80

2.3.6 Routers80

2.3.7 Gateways and Protocol Converters82

2.3.8 Multiprotocol Routers and Tunneling84

2.3.9 Half-Bridge Configuration of Routers84

2.3.10 Switches85

2.4 Wide Area Networks87

2.5 Transmission Technology88

2.5.1 Wired Transmission89

2.5.2 Wireless Transmission Media90

2.5.3 Transmission Modes90

2.6 Integrated Services:ISDN,Frame Relay,and Broadband93

PART 2 SNMP,Broadband,and TMN Management99

Chapter 3 Basic Foundations: Standards,Models,and Language101

3.1 Network Management Standards103

3.2 Network Managememt Model105

3.3 Organization Model107

3.4 Information Model109

3.4.1 Management Information Trees111

3.4.2 Managed Object Perspectives112

3.5 Communication Model116

3.6 Abstract Syntax Notation One:ASN.1117

3.6.1 Terminology,Symbols,and Conventions118

3.6.2 Objects and Data Types123

3.6.3 Object Names129

3.6.4 An Example of ASN.1 from ISO 8824130

3.7 Encoding Structure132

3.8 Macros133

3.9 Functional Model135

Chapter 4 SNMPvl Network Management:Organization and Information Models141

4.1 Managed Network:Case Histories and Examples143

4.2 The History of SNMP Management148

4.3 Internet Organizations and Standards149

4.3.1 Organizations149

4.3.2 Internet Documents149

4.4 The SNMP Model152

4.5 The Organization Model152

4.6 System Overview155

4.7 The Information Model157

4.7.1 Introduction157

4.7.2 The Structure of Management Information158

4.7.3 Managed Objects167

4.7.4 Management Information Base180

Chapter 5 SNMPvl Network Management:Communication and Functional Madels203

5.1 The SNMP Communication Model203

5.1.2 The Administrative Model204

5.1.1 The SNMP Architecture204

5.1.3 SNMP Protocol Specifications208

5.1.4 SNMP Operations211

5.1.5 The SNMP MIB Group222

5.2 Functional Model225

Chapter 6 SNMP Management:SNMPv2229

6.1 Major Changes in SNMPv2230

6.2 SNMPv2 System Architecture231

6.3 SNMPv2 Structure of Management Information233

6.3.2 Information Modules236

6.3.1 SMI Definitions for SNMPv2236

6.3.3 SNMP Keywords238

6.3.4 Module Definitions240

6.3.5 Object Definitions241

6.3.6 Textual Conventions247

6.3.7 Creation and Deletion of Rows in Tables252

6.3.8 Notification Definitions256

6.3.9 Conformance Statements256

6.4 The SNMPv2 Management Information Base262

6.4.1 Changes to the System Group in SNMPv2263

6.4.2 Changes to the SNMP Group in SNMPv2264

6.4.3 Information for Notification in SNMPv2266

6.4.4 Conformance Information in SNMPv2268

6.4.5 Expanded Internet MIB-II268

6.5 SNMPv2 Protocol269

6.5.1 The Data Structure of SNMPv2 PDUs269

6.5.2 SNMPv2 Protocol Operations272

6.6 Compatibility with SNMPv1277

6.6.1 The Bilingual Manager277

6.6.2 The SNMP Proxy Server278

Chapter 7 SNMP Management:SNMPv3283

7.1 SNMPv3 Documentation284

7.2 SNMPv3 Documentation Architecture285

7.3 Architecture287

7.3.1 Elements of an Entity287

7.3.2 Names289

7.3.3 Abstract Service Interfaces290

7.4 SNMPv3 Applications292

7.4.1 The Command Generator293

7.4.2 The Command Responder294

7.4.3 The Notification Originator296

7.4.4 The Notification Receiver296

7.4.5 The Proxy Forwarder296

7.5 SNMPv3 Management Information Base296

7.6 Security300

7.6.1 Security Threats300

7.6.2 Security Model301

7.6.3 Message Format303

7.7 SNMPv3 User-Based Security Model305

7.7.1 Authentication Protocols308

7.7.2 Encryption Protocol310

7.8 Access Control311

7.8.1 Elements of the Model311

7.8.2 The VACM Process312

7.8.3 A VACM MIB314

Chapter 8 SNMP Management:RMON321

8.1 What Is Remote Monitoring?322

8.2 RMON SNI and MIB323

8.3 RMON1325

8.3.1 RMON1 Textual Conventions325

8.3.2 RMON1 Groups and Functions326

8.3.3 Relationship Between Control and Data Tables329

8.3.4 RMON1 Common and Ethernet Groups329

8.3.5 RMON Token Ring Extension Groups333

8.4 RMON2334

8.4.1 The RMON2 Management Information Base335

8.4.2 RMON2 Conformance Specifications337

8.5 ATM Remote Monitoring338

8.6 A Case Study of Internet Traffic Using RMON341

Chapter 9 Broadband Network Management:ATM Networks345

9.1 Broadband Networks and Services345

9.2 ATM Technology348

9.2.1 Virtual Path-Virtual Circuit349

9.2.2 ATM Packet Size351

9.2.3 Integrated Service351

9.2.5 ATMLAN Emulation352

9.2.4 WAN/SONET352

9.2.6 Virtual LAN356

9.3 ATM Network Management358

9.3.1 The ATM Network Reference Model358

9.3.2 The Integrated Local Management Interface359

9.3.3 The ATM Management Information Base361

9.3.4 The Role of SNMP and ILMI in ATM Management361

9.3.5 M1 Interface:Management of ATM Network Element364

9.3.6 M2 Interface:Management of Private Networks366

9.3.7 M3 Interface:Customer Network Management of Public Networks368

9.3.8 M4 Interface:Public Network Management372

9.3.9 Management of LAN Emulation381

9.3.10 ATM Digital Exchange Interface Management383

Chapter 10 Broadband Network Management387

10.1 Bradband Access Networks and Technologies388

10.1.1 Broadband Access Networks388

10.1.2 Broadband Access Technology390

10.2 HFC Technolgy391

10.2.1 The Broadband LAN393

10.2.2 The Cable Modem394

10.2.3 The Cable Modem Termination System397

10.2.4 The HFC Plant397

10.2.5 The RF Spectrum for Cable Modem397

10.3 Data Over Cable Reference Architecture399

10.4 HFC Management401

10.4.1 Cable Modem and CMTS Management402

10.4.2 HFC Link Management407

10.4.3 RF Spectrum Management407

10.5 DSL Technology408

10.6 Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Technology409

10.6.1 Rloe of the ADSL Access Network in an Overall Network411

10.6.2 ADSL Architecture413

10.6.3 ADSL Channeling Schemes414

10.6.4 ADSL Encoding Shemes415

10.7 ADSL Management415

10.7.1 ADSL Network Management Elements417

10.7.2 ADSL Configuration Management417

10.7.3 ADSL Fault Management419

10.7.5 SNMP-Based ADSL Line MIB420

10.7.4 ADSL Performance Management420

10.7.6 MIB Integration with Interfaces Groups in MIB-2422

10.7.7 ADSL Configuration Profiles423

Chapter 11 Telecommunications Management Network429

11.1 Why TMN?430

11.2 Operations Systems431

11.3 TMN Conceptual Model433

11.4 TMN Standards435

11.5.1 Functional Architecture438

11.5 TMN Architecture438

11.5.2 Physical Architecture441

11.5.3 Information Architecture442

11.6 TMN Management Service Architecture443

11.7 An Integrated View of TMN445

11.8 Implementation Issues446

PART 3 Management Tools,Systems,and Applications453

Chapter 12 Network Management Tools and Systems455

12.1.1 Tools Catalog457

12.1 Network Management Tools457

12.1.2 Bit Error Rate Tester461

12.1.3 Basic Software Tools462

12.1.4 SNMP MIB Tools469

12.1.5 The Protocol Analyzer472

12.2 Network Statistics Measurement Systems474

12.2.1 Traffic Load Monitoring475

12.2.2 Protocol Statistics475

12.2.3 Data and Error Statistics477

12.2.4 Using MRTG to Collect Traffic Statistics477

12.3 History of Enterprise Management479

12.4 Network Management Systems480

12.4.1 Functional Components480

12.4.2 Multiple NMS Configuration482

12.4.3 Network Management System Requirements483

12.5 Commercial Network Management Systems488

12.5.1 Hewlett-Packard s Open View Network Node Manager489

12.5.2 Cabletron s Spectrum Platform490

12.5.3 Sun Network Management Systems Family493

12.6 System Management494

12.6.1 High-End System Management495

12.6.2 Low-End System Management495

12.7 Enterprise Management Solutions496

12.7.1 Computer Associates Unicenter TNG496

12.7.2 Tivoli Enterprise Manager497

Chapter 13 Network Management Applications501

13.1 Configuration Management504

13.1.1 Network Provisioning505

13.1.3 Network Topology506

13.1.2 Inventory Management506

13.2 Fault Management509

13.2.1 Fault Detection510

13.2.2 Fault Location and Isolation Techniques510

13.3 Performance Management510

13.3.1 Performance Metrics511

13.3.2 Data Monitoring512

13.3.3 Problem Isolation513

13.3.4 Performance Statistics513

13.4 Event Correlation Techniques514

13.4.1 Rule-Based Reasoning515

13.4.2 Model-Based Reasoning517

13.4.3 Case-Based Reasoning519

13.4.4 Codebook Correlation Model522

13.4.5 State Transition Graph Model527

13.4.6 Finite State Machine Model529

13.5 Security Management530

13.5.1 Policies and Procedures531

13.5.2 Security Breaches and the Resources Needed to Prevent Them532

13.5.3 Firewalls533

13.5.4 Cryptography535

13.5.5 Authentication and Authorization541

13.5.6 Client/Server Authentication Systems541

13.5.7 Message Transfer Security543

13.5.8 Protection of Networks from Virus Attacks548

13.6 Accounting Management548

13.7 Report Management549

13.8 Policy-Based Management550

13.9 Service Level Management552

Chapter 14 Web-based Management557

14.1 NMS with Web Interface and Web-Based Management559

14.2 Web Interface to SNMP Management560

14.3 Embedded Wed-Based Management562

14.4 Desktop Management Interface563

14.5 Web-Based Enterprise Management566

14.6 WBEM:Windows Management Instrumentation570

14.7 Java Management Extensions571

14.7.1 Service-Driven Network571

14.7.2 Java Dynamic Management Kit572

14.7.3 JMX Architecture574

14.8 Management of a Storage Area Network:The Jiro Platform575

14.9 Future Directions576

Appendix A OSI Network and System Management579

A.1 OSI Management Standards580

A.2 System Overview580

A.3 Organization Model584

A.4 Information Model584

A.4.1 Structure of Management Information584

A.4.2 Managed Object Class and Instance585

A.4.3 Inheritance587

A.4.4 Management Information Trees588

A.4.5 Guidelines for Definition of Managed Object Templates590

A.5 The Communication Model592

A.5.1 System Management Application Entity592

A.6 Application Functions Management595

Appendix B Project Suggestions599

B.1 Project Structure and Evaluation599

B.2 Projects600